雅思大作文问题类型: Causes and solutions essay

雅思写作大作文 causes & solutions 是常见问题之一。不同于problems/solutions questions仅做问题描述并提出解决方法,causes & solutions更注重分析问题产生的原因,根据原因提出解决方法。两类问题技巧非常相近。

 

  • Problem
  • Causes of this problem
  • Solutions to this problem

 

写作实例

Influence of human beings on the world’s ecosystem is leading to the extinction of species and loss of bio-diversity.

What are the primary causes of loss of bio-diversity?

What solutions can you suggest?

这是一篇关于生态环境的大作文,对于causes & solutions  类型问题,写作思路可参照如下:

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Causes:

  • change of the natural habitatsWhen humans artificially transform the environment (build roads, houses etc.), they destroy animals’ natural habitat.
  • pollutionPollution negatively changes the flow of energy, the chemical constitution of the environment and the climate in general, so a lot of species cannot live under such conditions and die out.
  • overexploitation of resourcesWhen the activities connected with capturing and harvesting a natural resource are too intense in a particular area, the resource becomes exhausted. Example: too intense farming exhausts the soil; too frequent fishing, which doesn’t leave enough time for fish to reproduce, makes fish disappear.

 

Possible solutions:

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  • protect areas

Protecting areas where human activity is limited and avoiding overexploitation of resources are the best ways to save the environment and prevent species from dying out.

  • promote awarenessInforming the general population about the disadvantages of loss of biodiversity will encourage people to be more conscious of the environment.

 

写作结构

  1. Introduction
  2. Body paragraph 1 – causes
  3. Body paragraph 2 – solutions
  4. Conclusion

 

1.Introduction

  • Write the introduction in 2 sentences:
  • Sentence 1 – paraphrase the question (restate the problem):

    Despite knowing about biodiversity’s importance for a long time, human activity has been causing massive extinctions of different species.

  • Sentence 2 – tell the examiner what you’re going to describe in your essay:

    This essay will examine the main causes of loss of biodiversity and possible solutions of this problem.

2.Body paragraph 1 – causes

  • Sentence 1 – state 2 main causes:

    The two main causes of species extinction are change of their habitats and overexploitation of natural resources.

  • Sentences 2-4 – explain the first cause + give an example:

    When humans artificially transform the environment, they destroy vegetation and animals’ natural habitat. For instance, to build new roads people are cutting down the trees and cementing the soil, altering the environment. Because of that, a lot of species are dying out.

  • Sentences 5-7 – explain the second cause + give an example:

    Also, when the activities connected with capturing and harvesting a natural resource are too intense in a particular area, the resource becomes exhausted. For example, too frequent fishing doesn’t leave enough time for fish to reproduce and makes them disappear.

  • The last sentence – give a short summary (if needed)

    In other words, human activities often deplete local flora and fauna and cause loss of bio-diversity.

3.Body paragraph 2 – solutions

  • Sentence 1 – give 1-2 possible solutions

    Some possible solutions to this problem are protecting natural areas and promoting awareness among people.

  • Sentences 2-4 – explain how each of the solutions solves the problem (you may give an example if you wish)

    By protecting areas where human activity is limited and avoiding overexploitation of its resources, we can save the untouched environment and prevent species from dying out. Moreover, the next step in fighting bio-diversity loss is informing the general population about the dangers of this problem. This way, people will be more conscious of the environment and won’t overuse or destroy its resources.

4.Conclusion

  • Sentence 1 – restate the causes of the problem

    To conclude, people’s activities that change the environment have negative impact on the world’s ecosystem.

  • Sentence 2 – remind the reader of possible solutions

    However, we can significantly lessen the extinction of species by protecting natural areas and enlightening people as to this problem.

范文

Despite knowing about biodiversity’s importance for a long time, human activity has been causing massive extinctions of different species. This essay will examine the main causes of loss of biodiversity and possible solutions of this problem.

尽管很长一段时间以来人们都知道生物多样性的重要性,但人类活动导致了不同物种的大规模灭绝。本文将探讨生物多样性丧失的主要原因及可能的解决办法。

The two main causes of species extinction are change of their habitats and overexploitation of natural resources. When humans artificially transform the environment, they destroy vegetation and animals’ natural habitat. For instance, to build new roads people are cutting down the trees and cementing the soil, altering the environment. Because of that, a lot of species are dying out. Also, when the activities connected with capturing and harvesting a natural resource are too intense in a particular area, the resource becomes exhausted. For example, too frequent fishing doesn’t leave enough time for fish to reproduce and makes them disappear. In other words, human activities often deplete local flora and fauna and cause loss of bio-diversity.

物种灭绝的两个主要原因是栖息地的变化和自然资源的过度开发。当人类人为地改变环境时,会破坏植被和动物的自然栖息地。例如,为了修建新的道路,人们砍伐树木,加固土壤,改变环境。正因为如此,许多物种正在灭绝。此外,当与捕获和收获自然资源有关的活动在某一特定领域过于激烈时,资源就会枯竭。例如,太频繁的捕鱼没有给鱼留下足够的时间来繁殖和使它们消失。换句话说,人类活动经常耗尽当地的动植物,导致生物多样性的丧失。

Some possible solutions to this problem are protecting natural areas and promoting awareness among people. By protecting areas where human activity is limited and avoiding overexploitation of its resources, we can save the untouched environment and prevent species from dying out. Moreover, the next step in fighting bio-diversity loss is informing the general population about the dangers of this problem. This way, people will be more conscious of the environment and won’t overuse or destroy its resources.

一些可能的解决办法是保护自然区域和提高人们的意识。通过保护人类活动有限的地区,避免资源的过度开发,我们可以拯救未受污染的环境,防止物种灭绝。此外,对抗生物多样性损失的下一步是让普通民众了解这个问题的危险。这样,人们会更加意识到环境,不会过度使用或破坏它的资源。

To conclude, people’s activities that change the environment have negative impact on the world’s ecosystem. However, we can significantly lessen the extinction of species by protecting natural areas and enlightening people as to this problem.

总之,人们改变环境的活动对世界生态系统有负面影响。然而,我们可以通过保护自然区域和启发人们认识这个问题来大大减少物种的灭绝。

(263 words)

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