趋势变化词汇
1.描述趋势变化的动词与名词 |
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| Trend | Verbs | Nouns |
| ↑ |
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| ↓ |
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| → |
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| Constant Change |
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| Position |
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2.描述变化程度的副词与形容词 |
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| Degree | Adjective | Adverb |
| Very extensive change | dramatic | dramatically |
| huge | – | |
| enormous | enormously | |
| Extensive change | substantial | substantially |
| considerable | considerably | |
| significant | significantly | |
| remarkable | remarkably | |
| Average change | noticeable | noticeably |
| marked | markedly | |
| moderate | moderately | |
| Small change | slight | slightly |
| small | – | |
| minimal | minimally | |
3.描述变化速度的副词与形容词 |
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| Speed | Adjective | Adverb |
| Quick change | sharp | sharply |
| rapid | rapidly | |
| quick | quickly | |
| swift | swiftly | |
| steep | steeply | |
| Slow change | steady | steadily |
| gradual | gradually | |
| slow | slowly | |
| Unexpected change | sudden | suddenly |
| unexpected | unexpectedly | |
| abrupt | abruptly | |
趋势描述语法
1.过去时态
过去时：
There was a significant rise in 1964.Then, the figure dipped sharply in 1980.
过去完成时：
There was a significant rise in 1964. Then, the figure dipped sharply and had reached 5 by 1980.
2.现在进行时态
一般现在时态：
There is a significant rise at 6am every morning. Then the figure increases sharply at 8am.
The number of people suffering from diarrhoea now stands at 158.
现在完成时：
There has been a significant rise since 2013, and the figure now stands at 15000.
There has been a significant rise since 2013, and the figure is expected to reach 15000 in 2020.
3.将来时态：
将来时
The figure will probably/likely reach 15000 in 2020.
The figure should reach 15000 in 2020.
The figure is likely to reach 15000 in 2020.
| Predictions Forecasts Estimates Evaluations Calculations |
show reveal indicate |
that the figure will increase and reach 800 in 2050. |
| It is | predicted expected anticipated forecast estimated |
that the figure will increase and reach 800 in 2050. |
| The figure is | predicted expected nticipated forecast estimated |
to increase and reach 800 in 2050. |
Example
Notice how the verbs in the following paragraphs have been changed from past forms into future forms*:
In 1999, the proportion of people using the Internet in the USA was about 20%. The figures for Canada and Mexico were lower, at about 10% and 5% respectively. In 2005, Internet usage in both the USA and Canada rose to around 70% of the population, while the figure for Mexico reached just over 25%.
In 2020, the proportion of people using the Internet in the USA is expected to be about 20%. The figures for Canada and Mexico are likely to be lower, at about 10% and 5% respectively. In 2030, it is predicted that Internet usage in both the USA and Canada will rise to around 70% of the population, while the figure for Mexico should reach just over 25%.
连词
1.第一部分:
At first, Initially
In the first year, In 1999,
In the first year, 1999, In the first year (1999),
2.第二部分:
…and/but… However/Nevertheless, Then
Next,
After this/that, Following this/that, Afterwards,
This is followed by + <n/n.p>
…following which…
…after which…
…which is followed by… + <n/n.p>
…until…after which…
…until…following which…
…until…when…
…before… + <sentence or n.p.>
during/over the next…years
…years later,
3. 结束部分:
Finally, Ultimately,
…before finally…
描述数字的方式
1. x g y
2.x ± Δ
3.比例变化
4.“四舍五入”
For Trends:
- relatively
- rather
- almost
For Values:
- roughly
- almost [just]
- about
- approximately
- around
- just about
- [just] below/under
- [just] above/over
- a little/slightly more than
- a little/slightly less than
5. 引用
Referencing is reporting a figure by comparing it to a relevant previously-reported figure on the same line or one of the lines already report. The new figure can be reported as a multiple or proportion of the referenced figure:
In 2000 the figure reached the same level as in 1960.
It rose significantly in 2000 when it was half as high as it was in 1985.